ve.bus:manual_parallel_and_three_phase_systems
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ve.bus:manual_parallel_and_three_phase_systems [2020-11-07 14:30] – [Assistants] guystewart | ve.bus:manual_parallel_and_three_phase_systems [2024-07-23 05:13] (current) – mleeftink | ||
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- | ====== Parallel and three phase VE.Bus systems ====== | + | ====== Parallel, split- |
- | This manual explains the details of designing, installing and configuring three-phase and parallel systems. It applies to components that use VE.Bus, for example MultiPlus, Quattro and some larger | + | This manual explains the details of designing, installing and configuring three-phase and parallel systems. It applies to components that use VE.Bus, for example, MultiPlus, Quattro and some larger |
**IMPORTANT: | **IMPORTANT: | ||
- | * Always update all units to the latest | + | * Always update all units to the latest firmware version |
- | * Note that some parts of the description below apply only to 4xx firmwares. | + | * Note that some parts of the description below apply only to firmware version 400 and later. |
- | * All units in one system must be the same type and firmware version, this includes same size, system voltage, and feature set. The type is indicated by the first four digits of the firmware version number. For details, see the " | + | * All units in one system must be the same type and firmware version; this includes same size, system voltage, and feature set. The type is indicated by the first four digits of the firmware version number. For details, see the " |
* Specify with your [[https:// | * Specify with your [[https:// | ||
+ | * The same number of units need to be installed on each phase. An example to clarify: 3 units on L1, 3 on L2, and 3 on L3 is OK. But 2 on L1, 3 on L2 and 3 on L3 is not OK. The only way such non-symmetrical installation is supported is when using no monitoring at all, or a Digital Multi Control. Combining such system with any other monitoring device, such as the VE.Bus Smart Dongle or a GX device like the Cerbo is not supported. Numbers and information shown on the GX device as well as VRM portal will or can be wrong, and controlling the system, for example setting input current limits will not always work properly either. | ||
+ | * MultiPlus-II 8k, 10k, and 15k models can only be connected in parallel if an external AC transfer switch is used. For more information see the [[https:// | ||
+ | * While VE.Bus System Configurator allows setting up a system using Multis (each having a single AC input), that is configured to have multiple separate AC inputs, such system is not supported by GX devices. | ||
+ | * This information does __not__ apply to the Multi RS and Inverter RS models, which use a VE.Can interface (not VE.Bus) see the RS product manuals for specific information on programming them for three phase. | ||
===== Warning ===== | ===== Warning ===== | ||
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Parallel and Multiphase systems are complex. | Parallel and Multiphase systems are complex. | ||
- | Victron is able to provide specific training for these systems to [[https:// | + | Victron is able to provide specific training for these systems to [[https:// |
- | This should be considered essential before attempting design or installation. | + | |
+ | These should | ||
First get experience with smaller systems. If you are new to Victron, please start with simpler designs, so that you become familiar with the necessary training, equipment and software required. | First get experience with smaller systems. If you are new to Victron, please start with simpler designs, so that you become familiar with the necessary training, equipment and software required. | ||
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Using our 15kVA Quattros, the maximum system size is a 180kVA three phase system. Which then consists of four units on each of the three phases: 12 units in total. | Using our 15kVA Quattros, the maximum system size is a 180kVA three phase system. Which then consists of four units on each of the three phases: 12 units in total. | ||
- | Using our 10kVA Quattros, the maximum system size is a 150kVA three phase system. Which then consists | + | When using smaller models, there is a maximum |
__Single phase systems__ | __Single phase systems__ | ||
Line 40: | Line 45: | ||
===== DC and AC wiring ===== | ===== DC and AC wiring ===== | ||
+ | === Main text === | ||
The VE.Bus cluster maintains a single ' | The VE.Bus cluster maintains a single ' | ||
Line 54: | Line 60: | ||
Beware of phase rotation between the inverter and AC in. When wired in a rotation that is different to the programming of the Multis, the system will not accept the mains input and only operates in inverter mode. [[https:// | Beware of phase rotation between the inverter and AC in. When wired in a rotation that is different to the programming of the Multis, the system will not accept the mains input and only operates in inverter mode. [[https:// | ||
- | Note: Do not over-dimension the AC cabling. Using extra thick cabling has negative side effects.\\ | + | === Warning against over-dimensioning the AC wiring === |
- | * Technical background: In a parallel system the AC current should be evenly distributed through all paralleled units. When the resistance in the cabling is very low, a small difference in resistance results in a large relative difference.\\ This results in bad current distribution.\\ An exaggerated example: | + | Note: Do not over-dimension the AC cabling. Using extra thick cabling has negative side effects. |
- | * Using 2 units (A and B) parallel and using extremely good cabling one might achieve a total resistance for Unit_A of 0.0001Ω and a total resistance for Unit_B of 0.0002Ω. This results in Unit_A carrying twice as much current as Unit_B although the resistance difference is very small. | + | |
- | * Using the same 2 units in parallel with bad AC cabling one might end up with a total resistance for Unit_A of 15Ω and a total resistance for Unit_B of 16Ω. This results in a much better current distribution (Unit_A will carry 1.066 times more current than Unit_A) even if the absolute difference in resistance is much bigger than in the previous example (1Ω vs 0.0001Ω). | + | |
- | For units in 3 phase configuration: Our products have been designed | + | Technical background: for a properly working parallel system, the AC current should be evenly |
- | We do not support a delta (Δ) configuration. A delta configuration does not have a distributed neutral | + | |
- | ==== A continuous, unbroken negative link must be maintained between all units ==== | + | |
- | VE.Bus is not isolated on the MultiPlus range and Quattros. | + | An exaggerated example: |
+ | * Using 2 units (A and B) parallel and using too good cabling, one might achieve a total resistance for Unit_A of 0.0001Ω and a total resistance for Unit_B of 0.0002Ω. This results in Unit_A carrying twice as much current as Unit_B. | ||
+ | * Using the same 2 units in parallel with, for the sake of this example underdimensioned AC cabling one might end up with a total resistance for Unit_A of 15Ω and a total resistance for Unit_B of 16Ω. This results in a much better current distribution (Unit_A will carry 1.066 times more current than Unit_A) even if the absolute difference in resistance is much bigger than in the previous example (1Ω vs 0.0001Ω). | ||
- | Therefore it is very important to prevent damage to the communications cards that the negative battery terminal | + | A side effect of over dimensioning |
- | If units need to be isolated at both poles, or local wiring requirements demand double pole isolation | + | === Delta configurations not supported === |
+ | |||
+ | For units in 3 phase configuration: | ||
+ | We do not support a delta (Δ) configuration. A delta configuration does not have a distributed neutral and will lead to certain inverter features not operating as expected. | ||
- | Double pole isolation of the system is allowed (and sometimes required), as long as it at the battery connection end of the DC bus, and the Multis/ | ||
- | ==== Theory and background information ==== | + | === Theory and background information ==== |
Wiring is further explained here: | Wiring is further explained here: | ||
Line 84: | Line 90: | ||
* All units must be daisy chained with the VE.Bus cable (RJ-45 cat5). The sequence for this is not important. Do not use terminators in the VE.Bus network. | * All units must be daisy chained with the VE.Bus cable (RJ-45 cat5). The sequence for this is not important. Do not use terminators in the VE.Bus network. | ||
* The temperature sensor can be wired to any unit in the system. For a large battery bank it is possible to wire multiple temperature sensors. The system will use the one with the highest temperature to determine the temperature compensation. | * The temperature sensor can be wired to any unit in the system. For a large battery bank it is possible to wire multiple temperature sensors. The system will use the one with the highest temperature to determine the temperature compensation. | ||
- | * Wire the voltage sense on the master of L1.\\ (If the system has more than 1 AC input, connect it to the Master corresponding to the first AC input.) | + | * Wire the voltage sense on the master of L1.\\ (If the system has more than 1 AC input, connect it to the Master corresponding to the first AC input.) |
===== Configuration ===== | ===== Configuration ===== | ||
Line 99: | Line 105: | ||
* All charger settings, such as absorption voltage, float voltage and max charge current.\\ (The maximum charge current is multiplied by the number of units in the system: in a 9 unit system set it to 50A to get a 450A maximum charge current.) | * All charger settings, such as absorption voltage, float voltage and max charge current.\\ (The maximum charge current is multiplied by the number of units in the system: in a 9 unit system set it to 50A to get a 450A maximum charge current.) | ||
* System frequency | * System frequency | ||
- | * Whether or not "Weak LOM" is used | ||
The following settings need to be made in the master of each phase: | The following settings need to be made in the master of each phase: | ||
* Inverter output voltage | * Inverter output voltage | ||
- | * Input current limits\\ (the effective input current limit is the setted | + | * Input current limits\\ (the effective input current limit is the limit set on the master |
* UPS function on/off | * UPS function on/off | ||
* PowerAssist settings | * PowerAssist settings |
ve.bus/manual_parallel_and_three_phase_systems.1604755808.txt.gz · Last modified: 2020-11-07 14:30 by guystewart