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--- venus-os:large [2022-09-12 20:37] – [5.6 Configuration files] mvader
+++ venus-os:large [2024-10-18 14:37] (current) – [5.9. Node-RED FAQ] mvader
@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 ===== 1. Introduction =====
-==== 1.1 Venus OS Large, Node-RED and Signal K server? ====
-This manual documents Venus OS Large, an extended build of Venus OS, that adds [[https://nodered.org/|Node-RED]] and [[https://www.npmjs.com/package/signalk-server|Signal K server]].
-**Node-RED** is a tool for connecting hardware devices, APIs and online services in new and interesting ways. It provides a browser-based editor that makes it easy to wire together flows. With it, one can for example program a functionality such as activating a relay based on a temperature measurement. Or make far more complex algorithms, tying relays, measurements, or other data available from Venus OS or elsewhere together. All without having to write real source code, as Node-RED calls Low-code programming for event-driven applications.
+This manual documents Venus OS Large. Venus OS is the the software running on our [[https://www.victronenergy.com/panel-systems-remote-monitoring/cerbo-gx|Cerbo GX monitoring device]] as well as other GX devices. Venus OS Large is an extended version of the common software, adding [[https://nodered.org/|Node-RED]] and [[https://www.npmjs.com/package/signalk-server|Signal K server]].
+**Node-RED** offers PLC like programming for connecting hardware devices, APIs and online services. It provides a browser-based editor that makes it easy to wire together flows. With it, one can for example program a functionality such as activating a relay based on a temperature measurement combined with time. Or make far more complex algorithms, tying relays, measurements, or other data available from Venus OS or elsewhere together. All without having to write real source code. Node-RED is also called Low-code programming for event-driven applications.
 Also Node-RED features a [[https://flows.nodered.org/node/node-red-dashboard|fully customisable dashboard]], viewable in a webbrowser - both locally but also remotely, via the VRM Servers.
+To get a good idea of its possibilities, see our [[https://github.com/victronenergy/node-red-contrib-victron/wiki/Example-Flows|example flows]].
-**Signal K server** is aimed for yachts, and multiplexes data from NMEA0183, NMEA 2000, Signal K and other sensor inputs. It makes all that data available for Apps, such as [[https://www.wilhelmsk.com/|WilhelmSK]], a highly customizable boat instrument display. The [[https://www.victronenergy.com/blog/2019/06/13/sailing-with-signal-k/|Sailing with Signal K blogpost on our website]] is a great read for more information and ideas.
+**Signal K server** Signal K Server is a server application that runs on a central hub in a boat; in this case a Victron GX device. A few of its most used features are:
-From VRM, a connection to Node-RED, the Node-RED dashboard and Signal K can be made.
-{{ :venus-os:large-proxy.png?1024 |}}
-Note that only the services that are enabled are shown in the VRM menu.
-==== 1.2 Status and where this development is going ====
-Currently, these images are available as beta versions. They work well, several users are using this without any issues; and are super happy with the provided functionality.
-The remaining work are mostly small improvements, clean ups and testing.
+  - WiFi navigation and AIS data server to charting apps such as iSailor, Navionics, iNavX, Aqua Map.
+  - The perfect Anchor alarm, for features and details see [[https://demo.signalk.org/documentation/features/anchoralarm/anchoralarm.html|Signal K docs -> Anchor alarm]].
+  - Automatic log book
+  - Serve full featured marine instrumentation package such as the iOS [[https://www.wilhelmsk.com/|WilhelmSK App]] or [[https://github.com/mxtommy/Kip#readme|KIP]].
-There will be two flavours of Venus OS to install:
+The [[https://demo.signalk.org/documentation/|the official Signal K documentation]] provides more information about Signal K itself. Note that many of the information about how to install Signal K does not apply: it comes pre-installed on the Victron GX devices when installing Venus OS Large.
-  - the normal one as we've been building for years now. With all normal & supported functionality.
+For more information on Signal K on Venus OS, see below chapter.
-  - the large flavour. All the same as the normal one, but with addition of Signal K & Node-RED.
-Switching between them is easy: a simple switch in the gui, see Settings -> Firmware -> Online updates -> Image type.
-Why are there two images, instead of just one? That is to save download and install time for the (vast majority) of users that will not use these features. SignalK and Node-RED increase the download (& installed) size enormously, and also they are really cool; but do not fall within normal Victron support. Which is why we want to keep them separate.
 ===== 2. Where to find support =====
-There is and will be **no official support** on the functionalities included in this image.
+There is and will be no official support on the functionalities of Venus OS large.
-For support, turn to the [[https://community.victronenergy.com/spaces/31/index.html|Modifications Space on Victron Community]].
+For support, turn to the [[https://community.victronenergy.com/c/modifications/5 |Modifications Space on Victron Community]]. Another good resource is [[https://community.victronenergy.com/tag/node-red|all posts tagged as Node-RED]].
-There, first search if someone else had a similar question already. And if you can’t find such, then create a new question.
+On Community, first search if someone else had a similar question already. And if you can’t find such, then create a new question. Make sure to tag it with Node-RED.
 For support on SignalK, there is a #victron channel in [[http://slack-invite.signalk.org/|the SignalK Slack]] workspace.
@@ Line 46: / Line 39: @@
 The compatible GX devices are:
+  * Ekrano GX
   * Cerbo GX
+  * Cerbo-S GX
   * Venus GX
   * Octo GX
@@ Line 53: / Line 48: @@
-The CCGX and CanVU GX are unfortunately not able to run Venus OS Large.
+The Color Control GX (CCGX) as well as the CanVU GX are unfortunately not able to run Venus OS Large.
 Venus OS large is also available for certain RaspberryPi models. Installation files below, and installation & other raspberrypi specific instructions [[https://github.com/victronenergy/venus/wiki/raspberrypi-install-venus-image|here]].
@@ Line 59: / Line 54: @@
 ==== 3.2 CPU & Memory resources ====
-Both SignalK as well as Node-red are rather resource intensive software applications to run on the GX Device. From a CPU usage point of view as well as RAM memory.
+Both SignalK as well as Node-RED are rather resource intensive software applications to run on the GX Device. From a CPU usage point of view as well as RAM memory.
 Ofcourse, how intensive depends on what kind of flows (node-red) or how many messages & handling of them (SignalK) happens in the system.
@@ Line 67: / Line 62: @@
 When running out of RAM or CPU, the device will slow down. And eventually also reboot by itself due to the watchdog.
-===== 3. How to install =====
+===== 3. How to install and update =====
 === Step 1. Preparations ===
@@ Line 75: / Line 70: @@
   * __MultiPlus-II GX__ - No preparations required.
   * __EasySolar-II GX__ - No preparations required.
-  * __RaspberryPi 3__ - No preparations required; unless the Pi is running a version prior to v2.70. In that case, the sdcard will first need to be reflashed with a v2.70 or later version, using a .wic.gz file, [[https://github.com/victronenergy/venus/wiki/raspberrypi-install-venus-image#how-to-update|details here]].
+  * __RaspberryPi 3__ - No preparations required.
   * __RaspberryPi 4__ - No preparations required.
 Note, when installing on a RaspberryPi, do make sure to familiarise with [[https://github.com/victronenergy/venus/wiki/raspberrypi-install-venus-image|the Venus OS for raspberrypi documentation]] as well.
-=== Step 2. Update to the latest v2.90 beta file ===
+=== Step 2. Update to the latest firmware version (v2.90 or later) ===
-(And once v2.90 is released officially, its no longer needed to use a beta to get Venus OS Large).
+See Settings -> Firmware -> Online updates. For more information, refer to the user the manual of your GX device.
-Instructions and details on installing Venus OS beta are [[https://www.victronenergy.com/live/ccgx:beta-testing|here]].
+=== Step 3. Set the image type Venus OS Large ===
-=== Step 3. Switch to Venus OS Large ===
+Go to Settings -> Firmware -> Online updates -> Image type:
-Go to Settings -> Firmware -> Online updates -> Image type.
+{{ :venus-os:image_type_selector.png?nolink&500 |}}
-There select the large image. Then go one menu up, and Check for a new version and install that.
+Now, change the Image type to Large. Then go one menu up, and Check for a new version and install that.
-The change-log is embedded in the (rather long) [[https://github.com/victronenergy/venus/issues/378|issue 378 here]].
 === Step 3. Verify and enable ===
   - Verify that the image was successfully installed: go to the Settings menu, and check that the Venus OS Large menu is available.
-  - Enable either Signal K or Node-RED. Note that though its possible to enable both, doing that on a Venus GX is "pushing it", the system might become slow. This is less of a problem on a Cerbo GX, as it has more resources. Installer access level is required to enable/disable these settings.
+  - Enable either Signal K or Node-RED. Note that though its possible to enable both, doing that on a Venus GX is "pushing it", the system might become slow. This is less of a problem on a Cerbo GX, as it has more resources (faster CPU). Installer access level is required to enable/disable these settings.
 Visible once successfully installed, the Venus OS Large menu:
-{{ :venus-os:venus_os_large_menu.png?nolink&400 |}}
+{{ :venus-os:venus_os_large_menu.png?nolink&500 |}}
-===== 4. How to update =====
+=== How to update ===
-v2.8x: updates can only be done using the offline update method: download the new file, put it on an sdcard, install it from there.
+Both online and offline update methods can be used. The Image type setting, see the How to install chapter, defines what image type is being updated. See the GX manual for more details.
+===== 4. Accessing Node-RED and Signal K ======
-v2.90 and later: both online and offline update methods can be used, see GX manual for details.
+After installing and then enabling either one or both of the features, they need to be configured through a website in your browser.
+To access the Node-RED flow editor, type https://venus.local:1881/. Note that it might be necessary to replace venus.local by an IP address, for example like this: https://192.168.178.224:1881/. It is normal for the browser to show a security warning. Proceed according to browsers instructions.
+See [[https://www.victronenergy.com/media/pg/Cerbo_GX/en/accessing-the-gx-device.html#UUID-a007e0de-85f1-a53f-550b-25f0ed46ac1f|the Remote Console on LAN chapter on our GX manual]] for how to find the IP address.
+To access the Signal K admin panel, type http://venus.local:3000/. Just like Node-RED above, note that it might be necessary to replace venus.local in that URL by an IP address. For example like this: http://192.168.178.224:3000/
+These two screenshots show what you will see after successfully accessing the pages:
+=== Node-RED flow editor ===
+{{ :venus-os:node-red_flow_editor.png?nolink |}}
+=== Signal K admin panel ===
+{{ :venus-os:signal_k_admin_panel.png?nolink |}}
 ===== 5. Node-RED =====
-{{ :venus-os:node-red-contrib-victron-nodes.png?nolink |}}
+{{:venus-os:node-palette.png?direct&nolink |}}
 ==== 5.1 Introduction ====
@@ Line 117: / Line 127: @@
 Also Node-RED features a [[https://flows.nodered.org/node/node-red-dashboard|fully customisable dashboard]], viewable in a webbrowser - both locally but also remotely, via the VRM Servers.
-A good tutorial on how to work with Node-RED is here: https://nodered.org/docs/tutorials/first-flow. On https://github.com/victronenergy/node-red-contrib-victron/wiki/Example-Flows you can find example flows that use the Victron Energy nodes.
+A good tutorial on how to work with Node-RED is here: https://nodered.org/docs/tutorials/first-flow. On https://github.com/victronenergy/node-red-contrib-victron/wiki/Example-Flows you can find example flows that use the Victron Energy nodes. Searching for [[https://flows.nodered.org/search?term=victron|Victron]] on [[https://flows.nodered.org/search?term=victron|https://flows.nodered.org/]] will give all community flows that have been tagged "victron".
+==== 5.2 Three part introductory webinar ====
+This is a 3 part introductory webinar on Node-RED and Venus available at the Victron Tech YouTube channel:
+[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i_iaciqn_Fg| 1. Getting started]]
+ {{youtube>i_iaciqn_Fg?medium}}
+[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_J2rVNLrDIg| 2. Basic building blocks and the dashboard]]
+ {{youtube>_J2rVNLrDIg?medium}}
+[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ceMtBo3orM| 3. Complex flows and dashboard example]]
+ {{youtube>8ceMtBo3orM?medium}}
 The Node-RED editor can be accessed from your LAN at https://venus.local:1881/. For some systems, you'll have to replace ''venus.local'' by the ip-address. You can also access the Node-RED editor from VRM, where it is available via the //Venus OS Large// menu.
-__Standard nodes + Victron nodes__
+==== 5.3 Node specifications ====
 Node-RED comes with a core set of useful nodes, and within the Venus OS large install there is a set of Victron nodes added to that: the Victron Pallet. All of the different nodes are described [[https://github.com/victronenergy/node-red-contrib-victron/wiki/Available-nodes|here]].
 For developers: source code for the node-red-contrib-victron modules is [[https://github.com/victronenergy/node-red-contrib-victron/|here]], and note that updating is not possible from either the Node-RED editor as the commandline. The recommended way to get to the new node-red-contrib-victron version is to await a new Venus OS large build.
 ==== 5.2 Back-up and restore ====
@@ Line 159: / Line 184: @@
 ==== 5.4 Controlling relays ====
+For a relay to be controllable via Node-RED, it needs to be switched to manual control first. In most cases this needs to be done by using [[https://www.victronenergy.com/panel-systems-remote-monitoring/victronconnect|VictronConnect]].
+;#;
+{{:venus-os:victron-connect-relay-manual.png?400|}}
+;#;
 === GX Device relays ===
@@ Line 175: / Line 206: @@
 === SolarCharger MPPT Relay ===
-Currently it is not possible to control the relay in a MPPT Solar Charger, even though there is a Victron node offering such functionality. The reason it doesn't work, is that VictronConnect does not have the required "Manual control" option in the list of selectable Relay modes for the MPPTs. This will be fixed at some point.
+In order to switch the relay via Node-RED, first use VictronConnect to switch the operation mode to //manual control//.
 Note that only the larger model solar chargers feature a relay.
@@ Line 183: / Line 214: @@
 === RS series (inverter, multi) relays ===
-Currently not controllable. Will be controllable in the future.
+First set the relay to //manual control// using VictronConnect. Once that has been done, the relay can be controlled using Node-RED.
 === Charger relays ===
-The only charger which has a relay that is controllable is the Phoenix Smart Charger. To use that for remote control, set its mode, using the VictronConnect app, to be remote controllable. Note that its use is limited: the relay is only powered (and thus only controllable) when the charger is switched on. It doesn't work when it's turned off with AC connected. This limitation applies to the 230V models as well as the later 120V/240V models.
+The only charger which has a relay that is controllable is the Smart IP43 Charger. To use that for remote control, set its mode, using the VictronConnect app, to be remote controllable. Note that its use is limited: the relay is only powered (and thus only controllable) when the charger is switched on. It doesn't work when it's turned off with AC connected. This limitation applies to the 230V models as well as the later 120V/240V models.
 ==== 5.5 Node-RED Dashboard ====
@@ Line 193: / Line 224: @@
 It is viewable in a web browser - both locally as well as remote, via the VRM Servers. See chapter 6.2 for how to see it remotely.
-The dashboard needs to be installed, just like other extra palettes, using the Manage Palette feature, on the right of the screen in the menus.
+The [[https://flows.nodered.org/node/node-red-dashboard|dashboard]] needs to be installed, just like other extra palettes, using the Manage Palette feature, on the right of the screen in the menus.
-Once that is done, you can find the nodes in the palettes on the left.
+Once that is done, you can find the nodes in the palettes on the left. Once the dashboard has been configured and deployed, an extra tile will appear in the //Venus OS Large// menu on VRM, allowing to connect to the dashboard via VRM.
 Example dashboard:
@@ Line 209: / Line 240: @@
   -  ''/usr/lib/node_modules/node-red/venus-settings.js'' is read first. Never change this file as it will be overwritten by a Venus OS update.
   -  ''/data/home/nodered/.node-red/settings-venus.js'' is used to override and/or extend the first file and will survive Venus OS updates. Do not edit this file as this is for Victron to use.
   -  ''/data/home/nodered/.node-red/settings-user.js'' is used to override and/or extend the second file and will survive Venus OS updates. You are allowed to edit this file if you please, but don't be too surprised if that causes Node-RED to break after an upgrade.
+When using these files, make sure that the configuration is enclosed within a ''module.exports = {}'' block.
 There are more configuration files in ''/data/home/nodered/.node-red/''. You might not have all of them on your system or even some more if you installed one or more of our candidate releases.
@@ Line 218: / Line 250: @@
 For more information on such Node-RED configuration customisations, see https://nodered.org/docs/user-guide/runtime/configuration.
-==== 5.7. Node-RED FAQ ====
+==== 5.7. Ready-to-use solutions ====
-=== Q: Write/read file gives "Error: EACCESS: permission denied' ===
+Node-RED can also be used for doing more advanced tasks. Some examples of ready-to-use solutions are:
+  * [[https://flows.nodered.org/node/victron-dynamic-ess|Dynamic ESS]] - fetch the ideal ESS setpoint from VRM based on dynamic energy prices and predicted solar forecast
+  * [[https://flows.nodered.org/node/node-red-contrib-eskomsepush|EskomSePush]] - use Node-RED for charging the batteries before the next load shedding happens (for South African users)
+==== 5.8. Using data from VRM  ====
+For some flows it can be useful to retrieve data from the VRM Portal Database. For example to retrieve de Solar irradiation or yield forecasts.
+To access data from the VRM API, a VRM access token is needed. This is done by going to the [[https://vrm.victronenergy.com/access-tokens|access token]] part of VRM and add a new token. Once generated, store the access token in your password vault as you won't be able to retrieve it again.
+{{ :venus-os:generate-access-token.png?nolink&600 |}}
+Thereafter, that token can be used to retrieve data from the VRM Portal API.
+Full portal API documentation is here: https://vrm-api-docs.victronenergy.com/#/.
+To, for example, retrieve Solar Irradiation forecasts, see the [[https://vrm-api-docs.victronenergy.com/#/operations/installations/idSite/stats|stats call]], and then one of these attributes:
+	vrm_pv_inverter_yield_fc	7	PV Inverter - Yield Forecast
+	vrm_pv_charger_yield_fc	4	Solar Charger - Yield Forecast
+	vrm_solar_irradiance_fc	0	Solar Irradiance Forecast
+	vrm_solar_irradiance	0	Solar Irradiance
+Note that there could be more relevant attributes, see VRM documentation for that.
+{{ :venus-os:vrm-api-flow.png?nolink&600 |}}
+The [[https://flows.nodered.org/node/victron-vrm-api|Victron VRM API node]] makes it easy to use the VRM API from a Node-RED flow. Alternatively take a look at above mentioned Dynamic-ESS flow.
+==== 5.9. Node-RED FAQ ====
+=== Q1: Write/read file gives "Error: EACCESS: permission denied' ===
 Since Venus OS 2.90 and on wards, Node-RED no longer runs as user ''root'', but as user ''nodered''. This means that the Node-RED flows are only allowed to access files and directories that are owned by the ''nodered'' user. These files typically start below ''/data/home/nodered/''. So modifying the storage location to something like ''/data/home/nodered/storage.txt'' ought to work.
-=== Q: How can I update the Victron node pallette ===
+=== Q2: How can I update the Victron node pallette ===
 As that pallette is part of the total Venus OS large package, it can only be updated by installing a newer Venus OS large version.
@@ Line 230: / Line 293: @@
 In case you see that there is a newer version Victron pallette available online, and thats not yet shipping in a Venus OS Large version, then the only option is to wait: a new Venus OS Large version is usually made available shortly after updating that pallette.
-=== Q: How can I password protect Node-RED ===
+=== Q3: How can I password protect Node-RED / My Node-RED is password protected ===
+__Venus OS v3.50 and later__
+For systems that have a security profile set (under Settings -> General -> Security Profile), the password protection is linked to the chosen security profile. The password that has been set for either security profile "weak" or "secured" is also used to access Node-RED, in combination with username ''admin''.
+__ Venus OS versions prior to v3.50__
-Password protection of Node-Red is linked to the remote console. If a password is set for the remote console, this password is also used for securing Node-Red. The username is ''admin'', the password is the remote console password.
+The Node-RED's password protection is tied to the remote console. If a password is set for the remote console, this password is also used for securing Node-Red. The username is ''admin'', the password is the remote console password.
-=== Q: How do I restart Node-RED from the Venus GUI? ===
+=== Q4: How do I restart Node-RED from the Venus GUI? ===
 In order to restart Node-RED you need to disable and enable it from the menu. You can find this under //Venus OS Large Features -> Node-RED//.
-=== Q: How does safe mode work and what is it? ===
+=== Q5: How does safe mode work and what is it? ===
 From the Venus GUI you can select Node-RED to be enabled in "safe mode". This means that Node-RED will start without starting the flows. This allows you to open the flows in the editor and make changes without the flows running. When you deploy your changes, the flows are then started. The safe mode can be handy if one of the flows has an error that causes high CPU loads on the Venus device or other issues.
-=== Q: Can I install the @signalk/node-red-embedded? ===
+=== Q6: Can I install the @signalk/node-red-embedded? ===
 No, at least not into the node-red instance which comes as part of Venus OS Large. To @signalk/node-red-embedded, we recommend to use the node-red plugin/instance that can optionally be installed into signalk:
@@ Line 250: / Line 319: @@
   - install the Victron pallette into the Node-RED thats part of SignalK server
-=== Q: I get the error: Failed to remove, unrecognised module ===
+=== Q7: I get the error: Failed to remove, unrecognised module ===
 This is seen when trying to remove a module that has been previously uninstalled, but left some files behind. After which Node-RED is incapable of completely removing the module. This is probably a remnant of upgrading an old version of Node-RED to a newer. What we've seen is that the module is still on the disk, but Node-RED no longer is aware of it in its configuration. The way to recover from this is to add the module to the Node-RED configuration again. This can be done by performing the following steps:
@@ Line 262: / Line 331: @@
 After following these steps Node-RED should know about the module again and you should be able to remove or upgrade it.
-=== Q: The browser complains about non private connection ===
+=== Q8: The browser complains about non private connection ===
 Node-RED on Venus now uses SSL for its connection. As the certificate is signed by a "self signed certificate", your browser is unable to trust the connection and throw a warning ("Your connection is not private" or something similar). In order to proceed, you need to press the "Advanced" or "Show Details" button and then click to visit the website. Some browsers will still display 'Not secure' and claim that the Certificate is invalid, but that is inherent to self-signed certificates. The benefit is that usernames and passwords no longer travel in clear text over the network.
 Another implication might be that you need to prepend the connection with ''https'' instead of ''http'' and change the port from ''1880'' to ''1881''. So you should connect to ''https://venus.local:1881/'' for Node-RED. If your browser still wants to connect to the old http way, you may get an ''ERR_EMPTY_RESPONSE''. Adjust the url in your browser to connect to the https site instead.
+Finally, if you want to use the Node-RED command line interface for administration, you will run into the ''Error: self signed certificate'' error. This can be solved by setting the ''NODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTS '' environment variable to ''/data/etc/ssl/venus.local.crt'' like so:
+  export NODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTS=/data/etc/ssl/venus.local.crt
+=== Q9: How often do the Victron input nodes send a msg? ===
+The input nodes send out a message on each value change. If the ‘//only changes//’ checkbox is set, this will be the only output of the node. If the '//only changes//' checkbox is not set, the node also sends out the current value each 5 seconds. If you want more fine grained control, consider storing the desired values in a context in combination with triggered intervals. See [[https://github.com/victronenergy/node-red-contrib-victron/wiki/Example-Flows#only-messages-at-regular-intervals|here]] for an example on how to do that.
+=== Q10: How can I get Node-RED to also listen to http port 1880 ===
+There are some nodes that are only able to connect to a http site. In that case you probably also want to enable http on port 1880. This can be achieved by creating (or adding to) a user configuration file ''/data/home/nodered/.node-red/settings-user.js'', containing:
+  module.exports = {
+     /* Make sure that we also listen on port 1880 on all interfaces */
+     uiHost: "::"
+  }
+And restart Node-RED.
+=== Q11: Is there a way to have the context survive reboots? ===
+By default the context is stored in memory of the GX device only. If the GX device gets rebooted, the
+content of the memory gets reset and you loose the context information.
+In order to keep the context data, it is needed to [[https://nodered.org/docs/api/context/store/localfilesystem|store the context to disk]]. This can be achieved by creating (or adding to) a user configuration file ''/data/home/nodered/.node-red/settings-user.js'', containing:
+  module.exports = {
+    contextStorage: {
+      default: {
+        module: "localfilesystem",
+        config: {
+          flushInterval: 300 // Save context data every 5 minutes
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+With the above settings, context files will get created periodically in ''/data/home/nodered/.nodered/context/''. In order not to wear out the flash too much, don't write too often.
 ===== 6. Signal K =====
@@ Line 273: / Line 381: @@
 === 6.1.1 Why have Signal K on your GX Device? ===
-By adding Signal K, the GX device becomes a data hub for all marine electronics on your yacht. For example audio, boat speed and wind data, and more. The Signal K is the interface between all those devices and protocols on one side, and mobile Apps on phones, tablets and the alikes on the other. Note that SignalK itself is not a visualisation tool, its purpose is purely to gather all the data and make it available for web- phone-, and tablet-apps for the visualisation.
+By adding Signal K, the GX device becomes a data hub for all marine electronics on your yacht. For example AIS, boat speed and wind data, and more. The Signal K is the interface between all those devices and protocols on one side, and mobile Apps on phones, tablets and the alikes on the other. Note that SignalK itself is not a visualisation tool, its purpose is purely to gather all the data and make it available for web- phone-, and tablet-apps for the visualisation.
 Also, there are SignalK plugins to forward the data to influxdb & Grafana.
@@ Line 279: / Line 387: @@
 Popular Apps compatible with Signal K:
+  * Auqua Map
+  * iNavX
+  * iSailor
+  * Navionics
   * [[https://www.wilhelmsk.com/|Wilhelm SK]] - WilhelmSK is a highly customizable boat instrument display available for  iPhone, iPad, Apple Watch and AppleTV.
   * ... (welcome to add more here)
@@ Line 296: / Line 408: @@
 Signalk-server is a software application that, in the context of this manual, runs on your GX Device and interface to all Victron protocols and more. It uses plugins, and there is a large community of enthusiasts around it, making it one of the most flexible and complete pieces of software that understands the plethora of protocols of all different manufacturers that make marine electronics.
-For more information on Signal K, read [[http://signalk.org/overview.html|the Signal K website]]. And our blog post of a while ago.
+For more information on Signal K, read the [[https://github.com/SignalK/signalk-server/blob/master/README.md|the Signal K Server readme]].
 Note that Signal K is not a Victron project. At Victron, we are great fans of sailing, open source as well as community driven projects. And Signal K is a perfect example of such project. And when running on a GX Device its a perfect marriage.
-=== 6.1.4 Signal K - the data format ===
+=== 6.1.3 Considerations on how to install Signal K ===
-Strictly speaking, Signal K is not software but a data format. And Signalk-server is the name of the software.
+The type of install described in this document, running Venus OS including SignalK, has these advantages: no need to use a rapsberrypi, all ready in one box; no special firmware updates or commandline knowledge needed to maintain or update it. Doing this was born out of a wish to make Signal K Server (also) available to the more mainstream users.
-This section explains the rationale behind the data format.
+The other common type of Signal K Server install, installed on a RaspberryPi running Raspbian, has the advantages of more flexibility, and ease of installing extra components such as Grafana or Influx. The disadvantage is that you are basically setting up a Linux computer yourself, which you’ll also have to maintain yourself. Whereas the Venus OS type is more of a complete product; no need to bother about keeping individual components up to date and worrying about their compatibility.
-Signal K is a modern and open data format for marine use. Its goal is to
+There is no one right way for everyone to do this; the best solution will depend on the requirement.
-- create a shared data model for marine related data
+For raspberrypi owners, note that its very easy to try both methods and switch between them: simply have two sdcards.
-- make marine related data easy to access, handle and build applications on
-The shared data model allows you to handle the data in a uniform way independent of how the data is produced. In practice this means that you can refer to your battery voltage with `electrical/batteries/1/voltage` and not care where data came from: Victron BMV, NMEA 2000 bus or some other voltage sensor.
+==== 6.2 Documentation and support for Signal K ====
-Easy access means that you can use modern standards like HTTP, WebSockets and JSON that are in widespread. There is a wealth of knowledge and skilled people are easy to find, with no special marine related knowledge needed to get started.
+  * [[https://demo.signalk.org/documentation/|The official Signal K documentation]]
+  * [[https://community.victronenergy.com/search.html?c=&includeChildren=&f=&type=question+OR+idea+OR+kbentry+OR+answer+OR+topic+OR+user&redirect=search%2Fsearch&sort=relevance&q=signal+k|Signal K topics on the Victron Community forum]]
+  * [[https://discord.gg/uuZrwz4dCS |Signal K Discord]] - a real time chat group including a special Victron channel.
-In Venus OS it brings all the data available in the GX system, including NMEA 2000 data, to a single data model and programming interface.
+Do not contact normal Victron support for any help on SignalK. Its based on community support, not official support.
-=== 6.1.3 Considerations on how to install Signal K ===
-The type of install described in this document, running Venus OS including SignalK, has these advantages: TODO elaborate. Doing this was born out of a wish to make SignalK more mainstream, less of a rapsberrypi / hobbieists/tinkerers product.
+==== 6.3 First use & configuring ====
-The other common type of SignalK install, installed on a RaspberryPi running Raspbian, has the advantages of more flexibility, and ease of installing extra components such as Grafana or Influx. The disadvantage is that you are basically setting up a Linux computer yourself, which you’ll also have to maintain yourself. Whereas the Venus OS type is more of a complete product; no need to bother about keeping individual components up to date and worrying about their compatibility.
+Follow these steps to turn your GX into a NMEA to WiFi gateway within 5 minutes.
-There is no one right way for everyone to do this; the best solution will depend on the requirement.
+These instructions assume that your GX device has already been set-up with Venus OS Large, and Signal K is enabled.
+=== Step 1. Signal K Admin page ===
-For raspberrypi owners, note that its very easy to try both methods and change between them: simply have two sdcards.
+Open a web browser, and go to the Signal K admin page by navigating to http://venus.local:3000.
-==== 6.2 Where to find support? ====
+{{ :venus-os:img_2580.jpeg |}}
-As above already introduced, use [[https://community.victronenergy.com/search.html?c=&includeChildren=&f=&type=question+OR+idea+OR+kbentry+OR+answer+OR+topic+OR+user&redirect=search%2Fsearch&sort=relevance&q=signal+k|the Modifications space on Victron Community]]. As an extra, for Signal K we recommend the Victron channel in the [[http://slack-invite.signalk.org/|SignalK Slack]].
+=== Step 2. Set the admin password ===
-Do not contact normal Victron support for any help on SignalK. Its based on community support, not official support.
+Go to Security -> Users and create an admin user for Signal K and protect it with a secure password.
-==== 6.3 Signal K details ====
+{{ :venus-os:img_2579.png |}}
-TODO: remove these versions, and replace by a link to the change-log.
+=== Step 3. Vessel information ===
-And instead add information on what specifics we do in the Signal K install.
+Go to Settings and enter some basic information about your boat.
-  - Signalk-node version is 1.37.5
+{{ :venus-os:img_9926.png |}}
-  - Victron Venus Plugin, v1.22.0
-==== 6.4 First use & configuring ====
+=== Step 4. NMEA2000 Can-bus connection ===
-=== Step 1. Opening the dashboard ===
+For NMEA2000 networks, its recommended to have all connected devices use isolated connections. Therefore, when connecting the an NMEA2000 network, we recommend using the Ekrano GX and the Cerbo MK2 GX. Connect to the port physically labelled “VE.Can 1”.
-Open a web browser, and go to the SignalK Dashboard by navigating to http://venus.local:3000.
+Signal K is preconfigured to have its port operational for this.
-Further documentation about that is ... (some link to signalk-node documentation?)
+Here is how you can see the preconfigured connection in the Signal K Dashboard:
-=== Step 2. Configure serial connections ===
+;#;
+{{:venus-os:cerbo-gx-signalk-canboatjs.png?400|}}
+;#;
-Use this to, for example, configure a USB-connected NMEA0183 connection in SignalK. To do so, go to the dashboard (http://0.0.0.0:3000), and there to Server -> Connections.
+Note that, to keep that operational, that port must remain configured as a 250kbit VE.Can & NMEA2000 port in the Remote Console:
-Make sure to not add a connection using any of the built-in serial ports (/dev/ttyO0, /dev/ttyO2, /dev/ttyO4, /dev/ttyO5). These are the VE.Bus- and VE.Direct ports on the Venus GX, and it is not necessary to configure them in SignalK. Data from any devices there connected is already available in SignalK, by means of the "Victron Venus Plugin"; see Dashboard -> Server -> Plugin Config.
+;#;
+{{:venus-os:cerbo-gx-vecan-nmea2000.png?400|}}
+;#;
+For more information on CAN-busses, see chapter 6.4.
+=== Step 5. Optional: Configure NMEA0183 serial connections ===
+Use this to, for example, configure a USB-connected NMEA0183 connection in SignalK. Go to Server -> Connections.
+Make sure to not add a connection using any of the built-in serial ports (/dev/ttyO0, /dev/ttyO2, /dev/ttyO4, /dev/ttyO5). These are the VE.Bus- and VE.Direct ports on the Venus GX, and it is not necessary to configure them in SignalK. Data from any devices there connected is already available in SignalK, via the "Victron Venus Plugin"; see Dashboard -> Server -> Plugin Config.
 Note that once configured in SignalK, for example a USB-serial port, that port is no longer normally available in Venus OS. For example, when plugging in a USB-GPS; and then adding a connection for its corresponding tty in the SignalK, makes for that GPS to be no longer be recognised and available in Venus OS.
-=== Step 3. Configure can-bus connections ===
+=== Step 6. Verify received data ===
-For the Venus GX, SignalK comes pre-configured with a NMEA2000 listener for the VE.Can ports, its named "n2k-on-ve.can-socket", and uses the canboatjs.
+Go to the Databrowser to see the data now available to Signal K, and to tablets and nav. apps on   WiFi:
-;#;
+{{ :venus-os:img_2578.png |}}
-{{:venus-os:cerbo-gx-signalk-canboatjs.png?400|}}
-;#;
+=== Step 7. Configure your nav app ===
-Note that, to keep that operational, that port must be configured as a 250kbit VE.Can & NMEA2000 port in the Remote Console.
+Steps needed here will differ per app. The key required data is:
-;#;
+  * Host/IP address: **venus.local**
-{{:venus-os:cerbo-gx-vecan-nmea2000.png?400|}}
+  * Protocol: **TCP**
-;#;
+  * Port: **10110**
+=== Done! ===
+Now you should have all your data such as position from the boat’s GPS, speed, wind data, as well as AIS targets in your favourite nav app. Like here in Navionics:
-=== Step 4. Adding Signalk Plugins or Webapps ===
+{{ :venus-os:img_2581.jpeg?nolink |}}
-TODO: explain & warn about data partition size & space (since thats where plugins are installed by signalk on Venus OS). Filling up the datapartition can corrupt Venus OS. More information about data partition on Venus OS here: https://github.com/victronenergy/venus/wiki/data-partition
+=== Where to go from here? Anchor alarms, trip recording, automatic log books and more ===
+  * Anchor alarm: https://demo.signalk.org/documentation/features/anchoralarm/anchoralarm.html
+  * Automatic log book & trip recording: https://svrenaissance.com/starlink-and-victron-a-match-made-in-heaven-for-boaters/
+==== 6.4 CAN-bus ports ====
+Below lists documents the mapping from physical ports on the device to the interface within Venus OS. This information is needed when you want to deviate from the standard configuration.
+=== Cerbo GX ===
+^ Enclosure label ^ Interface ^ Notes ^
+| VE.Can 1 | can0 | Non-isolated and default enabled in SignalK |
+| BMS-Can | can1 | Non-isolated, not usable within SignalK for NMEA2000 |
+Within the Victron product range, CAN-bus ports that are labelled BMS-Can are limited in their functionality due to hardware constraints. Their only use is to connect to a managed battery such as BYD and Pylontech, used in landbased ESS & Off-grid systems - not in the marine market.
+=== Cerbo GX MK2 ===
+^ Enclosure label ^ Interface ^ Notes ^
+| VE.Can 1 | can0 | Isolated and default enabled in SignalK |
+| VE.Can 2 | can1 | Non-isolated |
+=== Ekrano GX ===
+^ Enclosure label ^ Interface ^ Notes ^
+| VE.Can 1 | vecan0 | Isolated |
+| VE.Can 2 | vecan1 | Non-isolated |
 ==== 6.5 Signal K FAQ ====
-=== Q1 How to best handle & install a GPS ===
+=== Q1 - How to best handle & install a GPS ===
 You want the data available in SignalK and in Venus OS, so that it gets to VRM. And preferably a quality GPS.
@@ Line 404: / Line 556: @@
 Tbd. Actually a NMEA0183-network is probably something that doesnt exist: you can't have NMEA0183 in a network, its point to point.
+=== Q2 - What happens when I updated a pre-installed Plugin? ===
+A few plugins are installed by default on Venus OS Large. These include FreeboardSK, signalk-venus-plugin and more. They are part of the (read-only) image of Venus OS.
+When a newer version of such plugin is available, it is still possible to install the update - by pressing the Update button in the Signal K Admin UI -> Appstore -> Installed page.
+The newer version of the plugin gets installed onto the data partition. And Signal K server will use that, as it prioritises the version of the plugins installed there over the one included in the image.
+WARNING: above also means that once Venus OS ships with a newer version of the plugin than the version installed manually, Signal K Server will keep using that older one. To get out of such situation, remove the plugin by using the Appstore -> Installed page, and then the trash icon.
+Note that the same icon is also available for the pre-installed plugins. Pressing it does nothing - since they can't be removed.
+=== Q3 - Can I update signalk-server? ===
+Signal K Server comes preinstalled with Venus OS. And except by "hacking into it", it cannot be partially updated:
+The normal -and recommended- method to get a newer version of Signal K Server is to wait for Victron to release a newer version of Venus OS.
+In case you can’t wait, and don’t mind the extra work as well as risks, here is how to update it yourself.
+Be warned, this method might or might not remain working  - its documented only for convenience.
+Note that all changes made to the rootfs will be overwritten the next time you do a Venus OS update.
+Step 1: Get yourself [[https://www.victronenergy.com/live/ccgx:root_access|root access]] into your GX Device.
+Step 2: Follow this procedure:
+<code>
+## Change the rootfs from read-only to read/write, as well as increase file system size
+## to use the complete partition.
+/opt/victronenergy/swupdate-scripts/resize2fs.sh
+## Backup a file you'll need to restore later
+# dev-tip: a list of especially installed files on a Victron install is here:
+# https://github.com/victronenergy/meta-victronenergy/tree/master/meta-third-party/recipes-extended/signalk-server
+# in that folder, open the .bb file and read the do_install function
+cp /usr/lib/node_modules/signalk-server/get-mfd-announce-address.sh /data/home
+## See version as well as install location for signalk-server
+npm list -g
+# output will be something like this:
+# /usr/lib
+# ├── @victronenergy/node-red-contrib-victron@1.5.2
+# ├── corepack@0.17.0
+# ├── node-red@3.1.0
+# ├── npm@9.5.1
+# └── signalk-server@1.46.3
+## Stop signalk-server
+svc -d /service/signalk-server
+## Update to a newer version, here is how to update to last released version:
+npm install -g signalk-server
+# And to update to a more specific version, do something similar to this:
+# npm install -g signalk-server@2.3.0-beta.2
+# Output will be something like this:
+# added 120 packages, removed 179 packages, and changed 586 packages in 6m
+#
+# 57 packages are looking for funding
+#  run `npm fund` for details
+## Restore that file
+mv /data/home/get-mfd-announce-address.sh /usr/lib/node_modules/signalk-server
+## Install the signalk-venus-plugin in same place where it normally is on Venus OS
+cd /usr/lib/node_modules/signalk-server
+npm install signalk-venus-plugin
+## If you want, see updated version:
+npm list -g
+# output will be similar as above, but then with newer version
+## start signalk-server again, and see log output:
+svc -u /service/signalk-server && tail -F /data/log/signalk-server/current | tai64nlocal
+## press CTRL-C to stop seeing the log. signalk-server will keep running in the background.
+</code>
 ===== 7. Remote access via VRM =====
-==== 7.1 Node-RED flow editor and Signal K ====
-It it possible to access Node-RED flow editor and Signal K remotely via VRM - the interface and functionality is identical to access via LAN (ie. via **https://venus.local:1881** or **http://venus.local:3000**) .
-=== Step by step instructions ===
+The three available web interfaces, the Node-RED flow editor, Node-RED dashboard and the Signal K admin panel can also be accessed remotely, via VRM.
-  * **Step 1.** Log into/open the regular VRM 'dashboard' or 'advanced' page for the site
-{{ :venus-os:vrm_node_red_step_1.png?direct&600 |VRM Node-RED - Step 1}}
-  * **Step 2.** Modify the URL to include **/proxy/** after the site URL ID number (note that the last **/** is required)
+After enabling them, to the VRM, and there click the Venus OS Large menu. Note that this might be slow, depending on the quality of the connection.
-  As an example: **https://vrm.victronenergy.com/installation/12345/proxy/**.
-{{ :venus-os:vrm_node_red_step_2.png?direct&600 |VRM Node-RED - Step 2}}
-  * **Step 3.** Click on the **Node-RED** or **Signal K** button in the Proxy relay screen; depending on location and the speed of internet connection, there may be a short delay while loading
+{{ :venus-os:venus_os_large_menu2.png?nolink |}}
-{{ :venus-os:vrm_node_red_step_3a.png?direct&600 |VRM Node-RED - Step 3a}}
-{{ :venus-os:vrm_node_red_step_3b.png?direct&600 |VRM Node-RED - Step 3b}}
-  * **Step 4.** The Node-RED flow editor or Signal K interface screen will appear
+===== 8. Troubleshooting =====
-{{ :venus-os:vrm_node_red_step_4.png?direct&600 |VRM Node-RED - Step 4}}
-==== 7.2 Node-RED Dashboard/User Interface ====
+==== 8.1 Disk space issues / data partition full ====
-It it also possible to access the Node-RED dashboard/User Interface remotely via VRM - the interface and functionality is identical to access via LAN (ie. via **https://venus.local:1881/ui**)
-=== Step by step instructions ===
+Using both Signal K Server, as well as Node-RED, it is quite easy to completely fill up the data partition. Which can cause all sorts of issues, like:
-  * **Step 1.** Install the Node-RED dashboard addon, see chapter 4.4
-  * **Step 2.** Follow steps #1 to 4 in section 6.1 above in order to 'open' the remote connection
+  - Venus OS itself no longer working correctly,
+  - Signal K Server refuses to start / no longer works,
+  - Node-RED refuses to start,
+  - and similar.
-  * **Step 3.** The 'new' proxy URL needs to be modified to include **/ui** after **.....victronenergy.com**
+Note that Venus OS itself does **not** show a notification or warning when the data disk is full. And know that the other disks are read-only unless remounted to read/write as per [[https://www.victronenergy.com/live/ccgx:root_access|these root access instructions]].
-  As an example: **https://12345-nodered.proxyrelay3.victronenergy.com/ui** where **12345** is the unique site URL ID
-{{ :venus-os:vrm_node_red_ui_step_2.png?direct&600 |VRM Node-RED UI - Step 2}}
-  * **Step 4.** The Node-RED dashboard/user interface screen will appear
+Depending on what the issue is, there are a few things you can do:
-{{ :venus-os:vrm_node_red_ui_step_3.png?direct&600 |VRM Node-RED UI - Step 3}}
+  - Do full GX factory reset, as per the instructions in the GX user manuals. This includes downloading a file called venus-data.tgz; see GX manual for details. Disadvantage is that you'll need to reconfigure the GX.
+  - Remove all Signal K Server log files. In case you're using SignalK, then we recommend to try that option first. See next chapter on how to do that (requires a USB stick or SD Card), and once done make sure to double check you're Signal K log setup; Most importantly, make sure that the ''Keep only most recent data log files'' option is enabled. That feature is enabled by default, and can be found in the Signal K -> Server -> Settings section.
+  - A more detailed approach is logging into the SSH console, and checking for disk space:
+**Tips and tricks to login a diagnose disk space**
+Require root access: https://www.victronenergy.com/live/ccgx:root_access.
+The ''df'' command shows disk space including percentage in user for all mounted storages. Note the 100% full of below data partition. That is a problem. It should show maybe 10, 20 or 30%, but never 100% in use.
+<code>
+root@einstein:/data/conf/signalk# df
+Filesystem           1K-blocks      Used Available Use% Mounted on
+/dev/root               988960    869484     48596  95% /
+devtmpfs                465376         4    465372   0% /dev
+tmpfs                   515040       952    514088   0% /run
+tmpfs                   515040       276    514764   0% /var/volatile
+/dev/mmcblk1p5         1182728   1182728         0 100% /data
+tmpfs                   515040       952    514088   0% /service
+overlay                 515040       276    514764   0% /var/lib
+</code>
+The ''du'' command, used as per below, shows space per folder in the directory tree. In this case up to 3 levels deep. And what you can see here is that almost all space is used by the files are in the /data/conf/signalk/ directory. Which for this example turned out to be log files, disabled by default.
+<code>
+root@Cerbo:/data/conf/signalk#  du -d 3 /data | sort -nr
+1103640	/data
+1099352	/data/conf
+1099276	/data/conf/signalk
+	/data/conf/signalk/node_modules
+	/data/conf/signalk/.npm
+	/data/conf/signalk/.cache
+	/data/log
+	/data/log/swupdate
+	/data/var
+	/data/var/lib
+	/data/log/signalk-server
+	/data/conf/signalk/plugin-config-data
+</code>
+This is a view of a more healthy tree:
+<code>
+root@Cerbo:/data/conf/signalk#  du -d 3 /data | sort -nr
+	/data
+	/data/conf
+	/data/conf/signalk
+	/data/conf/signalk/node_modules
+	/data/conf/signalk/.npm
+	/data/conf/signalk/.cache
+	/data/log
+	/data/log/swupdate
+</code>
+==== 8.2 Backup / Reset to factory defaults  ====
+There are scenarios where you want to make a backup of your data or when you want to clear logging or even start all over and go back to factory defaults. In order to make this process easy, you can put one (or more) of the following files on an USB stick and reboot your device. The files will be unpacked and the scripts within will execute. Once the script is ready with its tasks, a notification of 3 beeps can be heard (on a Multiplus-II GX the notification will be shown in the display). After which the USB stick can be removed.
+  * [[https://www.victronenergy.com/upload/software/venus-factory-default/venus-data-00-backup-data-partition.tgz|venus-data-00-backup-data-partition.tgz]] - copies all that is on the ''/data'' partition onto the usb stick
+  * [[https://www.victronenergy.com/upload/software/venus-factory-default/venus-data-20-signalk-reset.tgz|venus-data-20-signalk-reset.tgz]] - removes all files and directories from ''/data/conf/signalk/'', which lets you start over again with SignalK.
+  * [[https://www.victronenergy.com/upload/software/venus-factory-default/venus-data-30-signalk-delete-data-logs.tgz|venus-data-30-signalk-delete-data-logs.tgz]] - removes all SignalK loging
+  * [[https://www.victronenergy.com/upload/software/venus-factory-default/venus-data-20-node-red-reset.tgz|venus-data-20-node-red-reset.tgz]] - removes the files from ''/data/home/nodered/'', which lets you start with Node-RED from scratch.
+See [[https://www.victronenergy.com/live/ccgx:root_access#hooks_to_install_run_own_code_at_boot|here]] for more information on how this process works.