3. Installation
3.1. Important warning
Warning
Lithium batteries are expensive and can be damaged due to over-discharge or overcharge.
The shutdown due to low cell voltage by the BMS should always be used as a last resort to be safe at all times. We recommend not letting it get that far in the first place and instead either shutting down the system automatically after a defined state of charge (this can be done by using the discharge floor in the ??? in the BMS) so that there is always enough reserve capacity in the battery, or by wiring a remote on/off switch and use it as a system on/off switch; see Wiring the Remote on/off for more details.
Damage due to over-discharge can occur if small loads (such as alarm systems, relays, standby currents of certain loads, the back current drain of battery chargers, or charge regulators) slowly discharge the battery when the system is not in use.
If you are unsure about a possible residual current draw, isolate the battery by opening the battery switch, pulling the battery fuse(s), or disconnecting the battery positive when the system is not in use.
A residual discharge current is especially dangerous if the system has been discharged completely and a low cell voltage shutdown has occurred. After shutdown due to low cell voltage, a capacity reserve of approximately 1Ah per 100Ah battery capacity is left in the battery. The battery will be damaged if the remaining capacity reserve is drawn from the battery; for example, a residual current of just 10mA can damage a 200Ah battery if the system is left discharged for more than 8 days.
Immediate action (recharge the battery) is required if a low cell voltage disconnect has occurred.
3.2. Safety Precautions
3.2.1. Safety Warnings Lynx Distribution System
Warning
Installation must strictly follow the national safety regulations in compliance with the enclosure, installation, creepage, clearance, casualty, markings and segregation requirements of the end-use application.
Installation must be performed by qualified and trained installers only.
Do not work on live busbars. Before removing the Lynx front cover, disconnect all positive battery poles to ensure that the busbar is unpowered.
Only qualified personnel should work on batteries. Observe the battery safety warnings listed in the battery manual.
Store this product in a dry environment. The storage temperature should be -40°C to +65°C.
No liability can be accepted for damage in transit if the equipment is not transported in its original packaging.
3.3. Mechanical connections
3.3.1. Lynx Smart BMS NG connection features
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3.3.2. Mounting and interconnecting Lynx modules
This paragraph explains how to attach several Lynx modules to each other and how to mount the Lynx assembly into its final location. These are the points to take into consideration when interconnecting and mounting Lynx modules:
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3.4. Electrical connections
3.4.1. Connect DC wires
For all DC connections, the following applies:
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3.4.2. Connect RJ10 cable(s)
These instructions only apply if the system contains Lynx Distributor(s).
Each Lynx module has two RJ10 connectors, one on the left and one on the right. See the drawing below.
To connect the RJ10 cables between the Lynx Smart BMS NG and Lynx Distributor, do the following:
Plug one side of the RJ10 cable in the RJ10 connector of the Lynx Distributor, with the retainer clip of the RJ10 connector facing away from you.
Feed the RJ10 cable through the recess at the bottom of the Lynx Distributor, see above picture.
Plug the RJ10 cable into the RJ10 connector at the bottom of the Lynx Smart BMS NG.
3.4.3. Connect BMS cables
Connect the BMS cables from the lithium battery to the BMS connectors on the Lynx Smart BMS NG.
If multiple batteries (up to 50 batteries can be connected to the BMS) are used, first interconnect the battery BMS cables and then connect the BMS cable from the first and last battery to the BMS connectors on the Lynx Smart BMS NG.
If the BMS cables are too short, use BMS extension cables.
3.4.4. Connect the Multi-connector
The multi-connector is the green connector on the bottom of the Lynx Smart BMS NG. The connector of the Lynx Smart BMS NG has 13 pins, numbered from left to right, starting with pin 1 and ending with pin 13. Pin 12 and 13 are reserved for future functionality. Do not connect anything to them.
See the Appendix for a table with pin-out and description.
The multi-connector can be pulled out of the Lynx Smart BMS NG, allowing for easy wiring.
The Remote on/off (pin 10 and 11) of the terminal are interconnected with a wire loop by default. If the Remote on/off connection is used with a simple on/off switch, remove the loop and wire as desired.
3.4.5. Connect ATC/ATD controlled loads and chargers
The ATC (allow-to-charge) and ATD (allow-to-discharge) are potential-free dry contacts of the multi-connector that can control chargers and loads in the system, provided they have a remote on/off connector and are wired appropriately. They can be used in several ways.
A common example is by providing +12V wired from AUX + (equal to system voltage) to pin 3 and pin 5. An active high signal is then delivered to the connected remote H ports of the chargers and loads via pin 4 respectively pin 6. In case of a low cell voltage, ATD opens the contact between pin 5 and pin 6. The load is then switched off and further discharge is prevented. If the temperature is too low to charge, the ATC contact between pin 3 and pin 4 opens and switches off the chargers.
Instead of using system voltage on AUX +, system negative can be used on AUX - to generate an active L signal. The functionality is the same as described above, except that the low signal ensures that the loads and chargers are switched off. This active L signal can then be connected to the remote L terminals of a charger or load. In contrast to the H signal, system negative is also present if the contactor opens and the Lynx Smart BMS NG goes into OFF mode.
Another option is to use the ATC and ATD contacts as remote switches, for example, to control a Smart BatteryProtect to turn off loads in the event of low cell voltage or a charger in the event of low temperature.
See the wiring examples below:
Note
For the system to operate correctly, it is essential that all loads and chargers can be controlled by either DVCC or the ATC and ATD signals. Ideally, wire the ATC and ATD signals to a device's remote on/off connector, or, if that is not available, a Smart BatteryProtect or Cyrix-Li can be used.
3.4.6. Wiring the Remote on/off
Instead of the pre-installed wire loop between pin 10 and pin 11, a simple on/off switch can be wired to remotely turn the Lynx Smart BMS NG on and off. Alternatively, terminal H (pin 10) can be switched high (typically battery positive), or terminal L (pin 11) can be switched low (typically battery negative) to remotely control the Lynx Smart BMS NG.
The required and maximum voltage levels for remote switching via the H or L pin are listed in the following table:
H pin On level | L pin On Level | Maximum voltage | Minimum voltage |
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>3 V | <5 V | 70 V | -70 V |
See the below example for the correct wiring:
Notice
For the Lynx Smart BMS NG to operate, the connection between pin 10 and pin 11 must be closed, or terminal H (pin 10) must be switched high (typically battery positive), or terminal L (pin 11) must be switched low (typically battery negative).
3.4.7. Programmable relay wiring
The programmable relay is an SPDT relay (Single Pole, Double Throw) with 3 contacts:
The relay makes contact between COM and NC when the relay is not active, while COM and NO make contact when the relay is activated. |
Depending on the Relay mode setting (Alarm relay or Alternator ATC) in the VictronConnect app, an audible (buzzer or external speaker) or visible device (LED signal) or the signal line (usually the ignition wire) for the ATC signal of an external alternator regulator can be connected.
3.4.8. Connect the GX device
Connect the VE.Can port of the Lynx Smart BMS to the VE.Can port of the GX device using an RJ45 cable.
Multiple VE.Can devices can be daisy chained, but ensure the first and the last VE.Can device both have a VE.Can RJ45 terminator installed.
Power the GX device from the AUX + and AUX – terminals of the Lynx Smart BMS NG.
3.5. System examples in detail
3.5.1. Lynx Smart BMS NG , 2x Lynx Distributor and Lithium NG batteries
The heart of this system is a Lynx Smart BMS NG with two Lynx distributors and a Cerbo GX with a GX Touch panel. These devices continuously monitor the batteries, fuses, connected loads, chargers, and inverter/charger(s).
A typical system can contain the following components:
Lynx Smart BMS NG with built-in contactor and battery monitor.
Lynx Distributor with 2 fused paralleled Lithium NG batteries and identical cable lengths for each battery (up to 50 batteries can be used per system - see the Lithium NG battery manual for details).
Lynx Distributor with fused connections for chargers, inverter/charger(s) and loads.
A Cerbo GX (or other GX device).
3.5.2. Lynx Smart BMS NG, 1x Lynx Distributor and Lithium NG batteries
The same as before, but this time with a single Lynx Distributor on the load side of the Lynx Smart BMS NG and the Lithium NG battery connected directly to the input of the BMS. This is useful if only a single Lithium NG battery or a single series string of Lithium NG batteries is used. Otherwise the same components are used.
3.5.3. Lynx Smart BMS NG only
For a very slim-line system, the Lynx Smart BMS NG can be used alone. This is useful if the system contains a single lithium battery or a single series string of lithium batteries together with a simple DC system.
Please also note that no GX device is used. It is not absolutely necessary for the operation of the Lynx Smart BMS NG. However, without a GX device it is impossible to control compatible inverter/chargers and MPPTs via DVCC.